Shepparton 03/12/2022
Race Photo
Race Results
Place | Dog Name | Trainer | Box | Rug | Weight | 1st Split Time | PIR | Finish Time | Margin | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | LUCKY ONE | DARREN BURKETT (GIRGARRE) | 1 | 1 | 28.6 | 8.56 | 22 | 22.291 | 0.03 | $1.60 |
2 | ENCRYPTED | KENNETH KUBIK (SEYMOUR) | 2 | 2 | 32.7 | 8.25 | 11 | 22.293 | 0.03 | $5.30 |
3 | PERSEUS | SHARA QUINLAN (RUSHWORTH) | 4 | 4 | 34.6 | 8.60 | 33 | 22.362 | 1.01 | $21.20 |
4 | TAT KENNY | DAVID WARBURTON (TATURA) | 8 | 8 | 35.4 | 8.71 | 64 | 22.511 | 3.14 | $9.50 |
5 | ISHMY BELLE | KENNETH DOIDGE (MURCHISON) | 7 | 7 | 29.4 | 8.86 | 75 | 22.598 | 4.39 | $14.90 |
6 | ZIPPY DE GOEY | KENNETH KUBIK (SEYMOUR) | 6 | 6 | 28.6 | 8.69 | 57 | 22.685 | 5.63 | $51.60 |
7 | BROTHER BUCKS | THOMAS WARK (RUSHWORTH) | 3 | 3 | 27.0 | 8.67 | 46 | 22.703 | 5.89 | $7.90 |
S | BUILDIN' ROLLS | BRADLEY FITTON (PEARCEDALE) | 5 |
Race Dividends
Result | Win | Place |
---|---|---|
1-LUCKY ONE | 1.60 | 1.50 |
2-ENCRYPTED | 2.90 | |
4-PERSEUS | NTD |
Exotic Combs | Exotic Odds |
---|---|
Quinella 1-2 | 6.10 |
Exacta 1-2 | 6.60 |
Trifecta 1-2-4 | 44.80 |
First 4 1-2-4-8 | 188.60 |
Split Times
Split 1 | Split 2 | Split 3 | Split 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 8.25 | |||
Rug Number | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Steward's Report
In accordance with the GRV Hot Weather Policy, this meeting was deemed 'Heat Affected'. At the commencement of kennelling, the outside temperature was 18 degrees and the kennel temperature was 15.2 degrees. The Stewards continually monitored the temperature at the venue as per the GRV Hot Weather Policy.
Pursuant to GAR 75(6) Parade, Ms S. Evans did not act in any official capacity that may have in any way, affected the outcome of this event.
Lucky One and Encrypted were quick to begin. Ishmy Belle and Tat Kenny were slow to begin.
A post-race sample was taken from Lucky One- the winner of the event.
Race Photo
Race Results
Place | Dog Name | Trainer | Box | Rug | Weight | 1st Split Time | PIR | Finish Time | Margin | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ANGRY BETTY | COLE BRETT (KURUNJANG) | 6 | 6 | 25.3 | 8.30 | 11 | 22.349 | 0.40 | $15.10 |
2 | KRAKEN CHINO | KEVIN EYLES (MURCHISON) | 1 | 1 | 29.5 | 8.53 | 43 | 22.377 | 0.40 | $7.40 |
3 | WHISKY NIP | DARREN PETERSEN (ROCHESTER) | 5 | 5 | 33.0 | 8.56 | 55 | 22.387 | 0.54 | $1.90 |
4 | TAT YAP | DAVID WARBURTON (TATURA) | 7 | 7 | 29.8 | 8.34 | 22 | 22.395 | 0.66 | $2.40 |
5 | TWILIGHT BLAZE | SEAN VAN TAARLING (TALLYGAROOPNA) | 4 | 4 | 29.8 | 8.47 | 34 | 22.674 | 4.64 | $22.80 |
S | DIVERSIFY | JOHN MANGION (NUMURKAH) | 2 | |||||||
S | NO JEWELS | BRENT MERTON (MORANDING) | 3 | |||||||
S | LITTLE AMELIA | AREND GRINGHUIS (RIPPLEBROOK) | 8 |
Race Dividends
Result | Win | Place |
---|---|---|
6-ANGRY BETTY | 15.10 | 2.50 |
1-KRAKEN CHINO | 3.70 | |
5-WHISKY NIP | NTD |
Exotic Combs | Exotic Odds |
---|---|
Quinella 6-1 | 18.40 |
Exacta 6-1 | 153.80 |
Trifecta 6-1-5 | 156.30 |
First 4 6-1-5-7 | 170.70 |
Running Double 1-6 | 14.50 |
Split Times
Split 1 | Split 2 | Split 3 | Split 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 8.30 | |||
Rug Number | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Steward's Report
Diversify – Late scratching at 8:31am on the advice of the On–Track Veterinarian (GAR 92) due to dehydration. A 3 day stand down period was imposed.
Kraken Chino was quick to begin. Twilight Blaze and Tat Yap were slow to beging.
Race Photo
Race Results
Place | Dog Name | Trainer | Box | Rug | Weight | 1st Split Time | PIR | Finish Time | Margin | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | OUR BOY ZIGGY | WAYNE HOOKE (WELLSFORD) | 3 | 3 | 32.1 | 8.47 | 21 | 22.101 | 0.07 | $20.50 |
2 | PESSIMISM | RODNEY CLARK (ECHUCA VILLAGE) | 2 | 2 | 31.0 | 8.21 | 12 | 22.106 | 0.07 | $2.00 |
3 | DIOPTASE | DANIEL PELL (TOOLLEEN) | 4 | 4 | 32.0 | 8.66 | 44 | 22.362 | 3.73 | $2.40 |
4 | STINGS TO BURN | IAN BEATTIE (LACEBY) | 8 | 8 | 26.0 | 8.53 | 33 | 22.426 | 4.64 | $20.50 |
5 | LUCKY TARRA | ASHLEY CRAVEN (TARRAWINGEE) | 7 | 7 | 38.9 | 8.67 | 55 | 22.631 | 7.57 | $13.30 |
6 | SODA BROCK | DAVID TORR (WOODVALE) | 5 | 5 | 30.4 | 8.95 | 76 | 22.772 | 9.59 | $16.50 |
7 | VILLANOVA | BRENDA KINDER (GIRGARRE) | 6 | 6 | 28.2 | 8.93 | 67 | 22.810 | 10.13 | $27.90 |
S | LADY VIRGINIA | ROSALYN HUME (WATTLE FLAT) | 1 |
Race Dividends
Result | Win | Place |
---|---|---|
3-OUR BOY ZIGGY | 20.50 | 4.30 |
2-PESSIMISM | 1.70 | |
4-DIOPTASE | NTD |
Exotic Combs | Exotic Odds |
---|---|
Quinella 3-2 | 16.20 |
Exacta 3-2 | 93.00 |
Trifecta 3-2-4 | 261.30 |
First 4 3-2-4-8 | 1059.20 |
Running Double 6-3 | 0.00 |
Split Times
Split 1 | Split 2 | Split 3 | Split 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 8.21 | |||
Rug Number | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Steward's Report
Lucky Tarra - New declared weight of 38.9kgs, last raced at 37.2kgs.
A pre-race sample was taken from Lucky Tarra.
Pessimism and Our Boy Ziggy were quick to begin.
Race Photo
Race Results
Place | Dog Name | Trainer | Box | Rug | Weight | 1st Split Time | PIR | Finish Time | Margin | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | BULLECOURT | DESMOND DOOLEY (HARCOURT) | 1 | 1 | 32.7 | 6.92 | 222 | 25.794 | 0.69 | $1.40 |
2 | WHIPPING DANCE | MATTHEW MARSHALL (DARLEY) | 4 | 4 | 27.2 | 7.03 | 444 | 25.842 | 0.69 | $13.60 |
3 | MY NAME'S LYN | SHELLY-ANN WARDE (TATURA) | 3 | 3 | 27.9 | 6.92 | 333 | 25.864 | 01.00 | $6.50 |
4 | ASTON GRAY | ANDREW SYMONS (Bagshot) | 8 | 8 | 33.3 | 6.74 | 111 | 25.935 | 2.01 | $6.40 |
5 | ROCK ICON | JASON FORMOSA (HEATHCOTE) | 6 | 6 | 38.1 | 7.31 | 555 | 26.073 | 3.99 | $12.10 |
S | PRINCE PULPOGAN | AREND GRINGHUIS (RIPPLEBROOK) | 2 | |||||||
S | LITTLE EDWARD | AREND GRINGHUIS (RIPPLEBROOK) | 5 | |||||||
S | BOOT A DREAM | AREND GRINGHUIS (RIPPLEBROOK) | 7 |
Race Dividends
Result | Win | Place |
---|---|---|
1-BULLECOURT | 1.40 | 1.40 |
4-WHIPPING DANCE | 2.50 | |
3-MY NAME'S LYN | NTD |
Exotic Combs | Exotic Odds |
---|---|
Quinella 1-4 | 9.00 |
Exacta 1-4 | 12.10 |
Trifecta 1-4-3 | 28.60 |
First 4 1-4-3-8 | 70.60 |
Running Double 3-1 | 0.00 |
Early Quaddie 1-6-3-1 | 0.00 |
Split Times
Split 1 | Split 2 | Split 3 | Split 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 6.74 | 11.57 | ||
Rug Number | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
Steward's Report
Aston Gray was quick to begin. Rock Icon was slow to begin.
Stewards spoke to representative, Mr Calven Russell regarding the racing manners of My Name's Lyn in the home straight . After hearing submissions from Mr Russell, viewing the available race footage and having their own observations, the Stewards issued a warning to connections regarding the greyhound’s racing manners in the home straight.
Race Photo
Race Results
Place | Dog Name | Trainer | Box | Rug | Weight | 1st Split Time | PIR | Finish Time | Margin | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | BERETTA BOY | GEORGIA WHITING (TOOLAMBA) | 1 | 1 | 34.3 | 6.80 | 221 | 25.737 | 1.09 | $3.30 |
2 | JOHNNY ONE THONG | CALVEN RUSSELL (KYVALLEY) | 7 | 7 | 30.2 | 6.77 | 113 | 25.813 | 1.09 | $4.60 |
3 | ALL INN CHESTER | SHARA QUINLAN (RUSHWORTH) | 8 | 8 | 33.3 | 6.86 | 332 | 25.839 | 1.46 | $15.00 |
4 | ALL INN BILLY | THEO VAN TAARLING (TALLYGAROOPNA) | 6 | 6 | 37.6 | 6.95 | 444 | 26.258 | 7.44 | $1.70 |
S | DE GOEY EXPRESS | GAYLE LEMIN (TOOLLEEN) | 2 | |||||||
S | EUREKA ICON | ROBERT SULLIVAN (SHEPPARTON EAST) | 3 | |||||||
S | BLAZING ARNIE | CLINT CAPUANO (ANAKIE) | 4 | |||||||
S | ROTHWELL RANDOM | CHLOE DEW (ANAKIE) | 5 | |||||||
R | AFFAIR BEAUTY | MARTIN HANKE (LOCKSLEY) | 9 |
Race Dividends
Result | Win | Place |
---|---|---|
1-BERETTA BOY | 3.30 | NPD |
7-JOHNNY ONE THONG | NPD | |
8-ALL INN CHESTER | NPD |
Exotic Combs | Exotic Odds |
---|---|
Quinella 1-7 | 8.10 |
Exacta 1-7 | 4.30 |
Trifecta 1-7-8 | 22.90 |
First 4 1-7-8-6 | 25.10 |
Running Double 1-1 | 6.60 |
Split Times
Split 1 | Split 2 | Split 3 | Split 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 6.77 | 11.63 | ||
Rug Number | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Steward's Report
Johnny One Thong and All Inn Chester were quick to begin.
All Inn Billy lost ground approaching the home turn, underwent a post–race veterinary examination and was found to have a right back muscle injury. A 7 day stand down period was imposed.
Race Photo
Race Results
Place | Dog Name | Trainer | Box | Rug | Weight | 1st Split Time | PIR | Finish Time | Margin | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | JODIE'S BOY | DAVID WARBURTON (TATURA) | 3 | 3 | 34.7 | 8.45 | 52 | 22.055 | 0.21 | $12.50 |
2 | REV UP FREDDY | VIVIANNE GILES (BAMAWM) | 6 | 6 | 33.4 | 8.22 | 23 | 22.070 | 0.21 | $4.30 |
3 | NULLIFY | ADELE POWELL (STANHOPE) | 1 | 1 | 34.7 | 8.20 | 11 | 22.134 | 1.13 | $13.60 |
4 | PERFECT WILLOW | DESMOND DOOLEY (HARCOURT) | 7 | 7 | 26.2 | 8.25 | 34 | 22.142 | 1.24 | $2.50 |
5 | GLOBAL BEAUTY | JENNIFER TORR (WOODVALE) | 8 | 8 | 26.8 | 8.43 | 45 | 22.348 | 4.19 | $14.60 |
6 | AMERICAN MISSILE | NICOLE LUMMAS (WANGARATTA SOUTH) | 5 | 5 | 28.5 | 8.45 | 67 | 22.411 | 5.09 | $24.60 |
7 | JAYVILLE MENACE | JASON FORMOSA (HEATHCOTE) | 2 | 2 | 34.2 | 8.56 | 76 | 22.442 | 5.53 | $3.50 |
S | RIO HATO | ROSALYN HUME (WATTLE FLAT) | 4 |
Race Dividends
Result | Win | Place |
---|---|---|
3-JODIE'S BOY | 12.50 | 4.10 |
6-REV UP FREDDY | 2.60 | |
1-NULLIFY | NTD |
Exotic Combs | Exotic Odds |
---|---|
Quinella 3-6 | 16.50 |
Exacta 3-6 | 23.40 |
Trifecta 3-6-1 | 384.80 |
First 4 3-6-1-7 | 985.30 |
Running Double 1-3 | 0.00 |
Split Times
Split 1 | Split 2 | Split 3 | Split 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 8.20 | |||
Rug Number | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Race Photo
Race Results
Place | Dog Name | Trainer | Box | Rug | Weight | 1st Split Time | PIR | Finish Time | Margin | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | SUPER FOOT | IAN BEATTIE (LACEBY) | 8 | 8 | 31.7 | 8.09 | 11 | 21.701 | 1.27 | $3.10 |
2 | WILLPOWER | DANIEL PELL (TOOLLEEN) | 4 | 4 | 33.3 | 8.18 | 22 | 21.790 | 1.27 | $2.70 |
3 | DASHING MINI | DARREN BURKETT (GIRGARRE) | 7 | 7 | 25.6 | 8.32 | 53 | 22.157 | 6.51 | $15.00 |
4 | ALL INN JASPER | STEVEN VANTAARLING (TALLYGAROOPNA) | 1 | 1 | 35.9 | 8.27 | 34 | 22.273 | 8.17 | $7.40 |
5 | HARDAWAY GWENNIE | COLE BRETT (KURUNJANG) | 5 | 5 | 26.8 | 8.37 | 65 | 22.434 | 10.47 | $13.60 |
6 | EVAN'S ALMIGHTY | THOMAS WARK (RUSHWORTH) | 3 | 3 | 24.5 | 8.46 | 86 | 22.626 | 13.21 | $17.90 |
7 | MY NAME'S KAREN | JENNIFER TORR (WOODVALE) | 2 | 2 | 26.6 | 8.42 | 77 | 22.647 | 13.51 | $14.30 |
8 | FINCH | RIANA GROOM (SEYMOUR) | 6 | 6 | 32.3 | 8.30 | 48 | 22.772 | 15.30 | $11.20 |
Race Dividends
Result | Win | Place |
---|---|---|
8-SUPER FOOT | 3.10 | 1.40 |
4-WILLPOWER | 1.20 | |
7-DASHING MINI | 3.30 |
Exotic Combs | Exotic Odds |
---|---|
Quinella 8-4 | 4.00 |
Exacta 8-4 | 12.20 |
Trifecta 8-4-7 | 68.10 |
First 4 8-4-7-1 | 268.80 |
Running Double 3-8 | 81.70 |
Split Times
Split 1 | Split 2 | Split 3 | Split 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 8.09 | |||
Rug Number | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Steward's Report
Pursuant to GAR 75(6) Parade, Ms S. Evans did not act in any official capacity that may have in any way, affected the outcome of this event.
Dashing Mini was slow to begin.
Hardaway Gwennie – The frequency of racing was discussed with trainer Mr Cole Brett, the comments were noted.
Hardaway Gwennie (frequency of racing) , underwent a post–race veterinary examination – no apparent injury was reported.
Race Photo
Race Results
Place | Dog Name | Trainer | Box | Rug | Weight | 1st Split Time | PIR | Finish Time | Margin | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | SWANSIE DELIGHT | VINCENT MILETO (TOOLAMBA) | 2 | 2 | 31.7 | 6.65 | 111 | 25.440 | 5.41 | $1.60 |
2 | LA LA NEBRASKA | GAYLE LEMIN (TOOLLEEN) | 8 | 8 | 32.3 | 6.76 | 322 | 25.819 | 5.41 | $15.80 |
3 | BELLA DREAMTIME | RICHARD ANCHEN (GIRGARRE) | 5 | 5 | 25.0 | 6.82 | 543 | 25.897 | 6.53 | $6.90 |
4 | KING OF ALL | DARREN PETERSEN (ROCHESTER) | 7 | 7 | 27.4 | 6.75 | 234 | 25.971 | 7.59 | $25.20 |
5 | SPRINKLER SYSTEM | THEO VAN TAARLING (TALLYGAROOPNA) | 3 | 3 | 32.5 | 6.94 | 666 | 25.982 | 7.74 | $4.80 |
6 | AUSSIE SHOWGIRL | MICHAEL KATSIRIS (THOMASTOWN) | 4 | 4 | 27.6 | 6.81 | 455 | 26.103 | 9.47 | $8.20 |
S | POPPY'S PRIDE | NICOLE SALNA (ANAKIE) | 1 | |||||||
S | CAILAH'S CREW | BRENDAN BRADY (PARADISE BEACH) | 6 | |||||||
S | AFFAIR BEAUTY | MARTIN HANKE (LOCKSLEY) | 9 |
Race Dividends
Result | Win | Place |
---|---|---|
2-SWANSIE DELIGHT | 1.60 | 1.30 |
8-LA LA NEBRASKA | 3.40 | |
5-BELLA DREAMTIME | NTD |
Exotic Combs | Exotic Odds |
---|---|
Quinella 2-8 | 16.80 |
Exacta 2-8 | 18.20 |
Trifecta 2-8-5 | 54.50 |
First 4 2-8-5-7 | 193.80 |
Running Double 8-2 | 9.60 |
Daily Double 3-2 | 42.40 |
Quaddie 1-3-8-2 | 349.30 |
Split Times
Split 1 | Split 2 | Split 3 | Split 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 6.65 | 11.46 | ||
Rug Number | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Steward's Report
Affair Beauty– Late scratching at 4:38pm, Steward Non- Penalty.
Race Photo
Race Results
Place | Dog Name | Trainer | Box | Rug | Weight | 1st Split Time | PIR | Finish Time | Margin | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | BIG COHUNA | JESSICA LYONS (FLORA HILL) | 5 | 5 | 33.1 | 8.23 | 11 | 22.081 | 3.06 | $6.70 |
2 | ALINTA'S GIFT | DAVID WARBURTON (TATURA) | 4 | 4 | 27.6 | 8.52 | 32 | 22.295 | 3.06 | $16.10 |
3 | LEKTRA RODNEY | JANE HOOKE (WELLSFORD) | 2 | 2 | 31.1 | 8.55 | 43 | 22.393 | 4.46 | $2.30 |
4 | SALIENCE | SHARA QUINLAN (RUSHWORTH) | 1 | 1 | 34.7 | 8.59 | 54 | 22.667 | 8.37 | $11.60 |
5 | RIA | DONALD MCDONALD (SHEPPARTON EAST) | 3 | 3 | 26.1 | 8.60 | 66 | 22.798 | 10.24 | $21.30 |
6 | SUNTANNED | KEVIN EYLES (MURCHISON) | 8 | 8 | 35.1 | 8.61 | 75 | 22.830 | 10.70 | $3.10 |
7 | LEO GIBLET | TERRY MEYER (GIRGARRE) | 7 | 7 | 31.7 | 8.51 | 27 | 22.903 | 11.74 | $11.60 |
S | SWIFTLY CARSON | AREND GRINGHUIS (RIPPLEBROOK) | 6 |
Race Dividends
Result | Win | Place |
---|---|---|
5-BIG COHUNA | 6.70 | 3.20 |
4-ALINTA'S GIFT | 5.40 | |
2-LEKTRA RODNEY | NTD |
Exotic Combs | Exotic Odds |
---|---|
Quinella 5-4 | 37.90 |
Exacta 5-4 | 50.50 |
Trifecta 5-4-2 | 96.80 |
First 4 5-4-2-1 | 845.40 |
Running Double 2-5 | 15.70 |
Split Times
Split 1 | Split 2 | Split 3 | Split 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 8.23 | |||
Rug Number | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Steward's Report
Salience and Suntanned were slow to begin.
Salience underwent a post–race veterinary examination at the trainer’s request and was found to have a left monkey muscle injury. A 7 day stand down period was imposed.
Race Photo
Race Results
Place | Dog Name | Trainer | Box | Rug | Weight | 1st Split Time | PIR | Finish Time | Margin | Price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | GLOBAL FIX | JENNIFER TORR (WOODVALE) | 2 | 2 | 32.5 | 8.22 | 11 | 22.110 | 4.01 | $1.70 |
2 | ALL INN SCOOBY | SEAN VAN TAARLING (TALLYGAROOPNA) | 8 | 8 | 33.3 | 8.41 | 22 | 22.391 | 4.01 | $6.90 |
3 | TAT PANDA | DAVID WARBURTON (TATURA) | 7 | 7 | 28.1 | 8.88 | 65 | 22.511 | 5.73 | $7.90 |
4 | RIGHT ABOVE IT | BRENT MERTON (MORANDING) | 3 | 3 | 28.3 | 8.45 | 33 | 22.584 | 6.77 | $71.20 |
5 | GO SAINTS GO | CALVEN RUSSELL (KYVALLEY) | 1 | 1 | 29.2 | 8.69 | 44 | 22.816 | 10.09 | $5.70 |
6 | GUTHERSON | SHELLY-ANN WARDE (TATURA) | 5 | 5 | 32.3 | 8.85 | 57 | 22.855 | 10.64 | $9.60 |
7 | STARCHIE | BRENT MERTON (MORANDING) | 4 | 4 | 34.6 | 8.89 | 76 | 23.015 | 12.93 | $45.20 |
S | AMLIN PRINCESS | CLINT CAPUANO (ANAKIE) | 6 |
Race Dividends
Result | Win | Place |
---|---|---|
2-GLOBAL FIX | 1.70 | 1.30 |
8-ALL INN SCOOBY | 3.10 | |
7-TAT PANDA | NTD |
Exotic Combs | Exotic Odds |
---|---|
Quinella 2-8 | 6.20 |
Exacta 2-8 | 8.60 |
Trifecta 2-8-7 | 20.60 |
First 4 2-8-7-3 | 242.70 |
Running Double 5-2 | 25.10 |
Split Times
Split 1 | Split 2 | Split 3 | Split 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time | 8.22 | |||
Rug Number | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Steward's Report
A pre-race sample was taken from Global Fix.
Right Above It was quick to begin. All Inn Scooby was slow to begin.